What organelle was derived from an ancestral cyanobacterium?

Chloroplasts, like mitochondria, contain their own DNA, which is thought to be inherited from their ancestor—a photosynthetic cyanobacterium that was engulfed by an early eukaryotic cell. Chloroplasts cannot be made by the plant cell and must be inherited by each daughter cell during cell division.

Which of the following is a characteristic of ciliates?

Ciliates and Nuclear Dualism

All ciliates share two features: a coating of cilia on their cell surfaces and two types of nuclei within single cells. The two nuclei types in each ciliate cytoplasm are different sizes; they are called the micronucleus and the macronucleus.

Do dinoflagellates include species that cause malaria?

c Apicomplexa

Apicomplexa are the sister group to the dinoflagellates and include some of the most important protozoan disease agents of both invertebrates and vertebrates. All but the co/podellids are obligate and mostly intracellular parasites, and they include the causative agents of malaria and toxoplasmosis.

Which of these observations gives the most support to the Endosymbiotic?

Which of these observations gives the most support to the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells? The similarity in size between ribosomes of prokaryotes and the ribosomes within mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Which of the following is a characteristic commonly found in ciliates quizlet?

Which of the following is a characteristic commonly found in ciliates? They are often multinucleate. Diatoms are mostly asexual members of the phytoplankton. Diatoms lack any organelles that provide for locomotion.

How is genetic variation generated in ciliates?

Conjugation (or mating) of ciliates is a unique phenomenon among living beings. They have relationship not for reproduction or pleasure — they seek to increase genetic variation. … The mating process is one of the most important mechanisms for maintaining genetic variation in natural populations.

What were the ancestors of mitochondria according to the endosymbiotic theory?

According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria of eukaryotes derive from eubacteria (probably α-proteobacteria). The host may be more closely related to the Archaea. A following endosymbiosis gave rise to the chloroplasts of algae and plants.

How did mitochondria originate according to the endosymbiotic theory?

The endosymbiotic hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria (and chloroplasts) suggests that mitochondria are descended from specialized bacteria (probably purple nonsulfur bacteria) that somehow survived endocytosis by another species of prokaryote or some other cell type, and became incorporated into the cytoplasm.

Which of the following gives the most support to the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells?

Explanation: Bacteria, a prokaryote, has circular DNA, as do mitochondria and chloroplasts. This provides support for the Endosymbiotic Theory, which states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote).

Who discovered mitochondria?

Mitochondria, often referred to as the “powerhouses of the cell”, were first discovered in 1857 by physiologist Albert von Kolliker, and later coined “bioblasts” (life germs) by Richard Altman in 1886. The organelles were then renamed “mitochondria” by Carl Benda twelve years later.

How did mitochondria originate according to the endosymbiotic theory quizlet?

According to the endosymbiosis theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, how did mitochondria originate? … Mitochondria have their own ribosomes and manufacture their own proteins.

When did mitochondria first appear?

1.45 billion years ago
Mitochondria arose through a fateful endosymbiosis more than 1.45 billion years ago.

What is the origin of mitochondria?

Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion.

Where was the mitochondria discovered?

German cell and structure researcher Richard Altmann discovered mitochondria in the 19th century. Karl Benda, a German physician, later gave them the name mitochondria.

What led to the discovery of mitochondria?

The Discovery of Mitochondria

Mitochondria were named by Carl Benda in 1898 from his study of cell internal structure and the first recorded information of mitochondria in plants in cells was created by Friedrich Meves in 1904. In 1908, Friedrich Meves and Claudius Regaud showed that they contain lipids and proteins.

Is mitochondria an ancestral trait of eukaryotes?

Therefore, most biologists accept that the last common ancestor of eukaryotes had mitochondria.

What was likely the ancestor of chloroplast?

While, it is accepted that cyanobacteria, are the ancestors of the chloroplast, it is unclear which of the cyanobacteria are closest related to the chloroplast, when this association first appeared in geological terms, and in which type of habitat this association first took place.

Which statement suggests that both mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from ancestral prokaryotes that came to live inside larger host prokaryotes?

Which statement suggests that both mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from ancestral prokaryotes that came to live inside larger host prokaryotes? They contain ribosomes, similar to the ones found in bacteria. Which statement about invagination is correct?

What are the ancestors of eukaryotes?

Asgard archaea are the closest known relatives of nucleus-bearing organisms called eukaryotes. A study indicates that these archaea have a dynamic network of actin protein — a trait thought of as eukaryote-specific.

What is the common ancestor of all eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes are monophyletic, which means that all of them, including plants, animals, fungi, algae, and unicellular eukaryotes, descended from a common ancestor known as LECA (Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor). So, with the evidences we have today, the eukaryote cell was “invented” only once during evolution.

What contribution did an ancestral archaeal cell make to eukaryotes?

A case can be made that the major contribution of the archaeal partner to the union was the provision of proteins with the histone-fold that evolved into bona fide eukaryotic histones, which became the core of both eukaryotic nucleosomes [59] and the cell cycle (Figure 3). Figure 4.